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Responsive Web Design Videos

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🔹 What are Responsive Videos?

Responsive videos automatically scale to fit different screen sizes and maintain their aspect ratio (usually 16:9) without being cut off or distorted.
By default, <video> or <iframe> elements (like YouTube) use fixed width/height, which may overflow or not adjust properly on smaller screens.

🔸 Why Make Videos Responsive?

✅ Keeps layout clean across devices
✅ Avoids horizontal scroll on mobile
✅ Maintains correct aspect ratio
✅ Improves user experience on all screen sizes
✅ Works well with embedded videos (e.g. YouTube, Vimeo)

🔸 Techniques to Make Videos Responsive

🔸 1. Using a Wrapper with Aspect Ratio (Modern Method – CSS aspect-ratio)
<div class="video-wrapper">
  <iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ScMzIvxBSi4" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>

.video-wrapper {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  width: 100%;
}

.video-wrapper iframe {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border: none;
}

✅ Benefit: Clean, minimal code with native CSS support (modern browsers).

🔸 2. Using padding-bottom Hack (Traditional Method)
<div class="video-container">
  <iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ScMzIvxBSi4" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>

.video-container {
  position: relative;
  padding-bottom: 56.25%; /* 16:9 */
  height: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.video-container iframe {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border: none;
}

✅ Benefit: Works in all modern browsers including older ones.

🔸 3. Making the <video> Tag Responsive
<video controls class="responsive-video">
  <source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4">
</video>

.responsive-video {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  max-width: 800px;
  display: block;
  margin: auto;
}

Practice Questions

✅ Write HTML/CSS for the following:

Q1. Create a responsive YouTube embed using the aspect-ratio property.

Q2. Use the padding-bottom trick to make an iframe responsive.

Q3. Make an HTML5 <video> scale with the screen width.

Q4. Embed a Vimeo video that maintains 16:9 ratio.

Q5. Make a video player center-aligned and responsive.

Q6. Apply media queries to adjust video margins on mobile.

Q7. Use max-width to restrict video size on large screens.

Q8. Add responsive subtitles using <track> in HTML5 video.

Q9. Create a responsive layout with 2 videos side-by-side on desktop and stacked on mobile.

Q10. Add responsive background video with object-fit: cover.

Responsive Web Design Videos Quiz

Q1: What is the default problem with embedding a video via iframe on mobile?

A. It auto-scales
B. It may overflow or break layout
C. It disappears
D. It stretches too much

Q2: What does aspect-ratio: 16/9; do?

A. Keeps element size in 16:9 ratio
B. Changes video quality
C. Makes image grayscale
D. Adds spacing

Q3: Which element is commonly used to wrap responsive videos?

A. <div>
B. <video>
C. <embed>
D. <section>

Q4: Which CSS trick is used to maintain video aspect ratio in older browsers?

A. z-index
B. padding-bottom
C. margin: auto
D. height: fit-content

Q5: How do you make a <video> tag scale responsively?

A. height: 100px
B. width: 100%; height: auto;
C. min-height: 100vh;
D. display: inline;

Q6: What is the purpose of iframe { width: 100%; height: 100%; }?

A. Makes iframe fill container
B. Sets autoplay
C. Loops the video
D. Changes format

Q7: What is the full width + 16:9 padding-bottom percentage?

A. 60%
B. 56.25%
C. 50%
D. 40%

Q8: Which property is NOT used in responsive videos?

A. max-width
B. text-align
C. aspect-ratio
D. width: 100%

Q9: How do you make two videos responsive and stack on mobile?

A. Use <table>
B. Use Flex/Grid with media queries
C. Set height to 0
D. Use float: right

Q10: Which CSS property helps avoid overflow in video containers?

A. overflow: hidden;
B. float: left;
C. z-index: 10;
D. opacity: 0.5
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