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Python

Introduction to Python

Python Basics

Cotrol Structures

Data Structures

Date and Time

Functions and Module

File Handling

Python OOP

Advanced Concepts

Python DSA

Searching Algorithms

Sorting Algorithms

Python Lists and Arrays

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In Python, both lists and arrays can be used to store multiple items in a single variable. However, they serve slightly different purposes.

🔹 Python Lists

A list is a built-in, flexible data structure that can store any data type — integers, strings, floats, or even other lists.

my_list = [1, 2, 3, "hello", 4.5]
print(my_list)

✅ Output: [1, 2, 3, 'hello', 4.5]

🔸 List Features

  • Ordered

  • Mutable (you can change items)

  • Allows duplicates

  • Can store mixed types

🔸 Accessing List Items
print(my_list[0])     # First item
print(my_list[-1])    # Last item
🔸 Modifying Lists
my_list[1] = 99
print(my_list)  # [1, 99, 3, 'hello', 4.5]
🔸 Adding Items
my_list.append("new")   # Add at end
my_list.insert(2, "mid")  # Add at index
🔸 Removing Items
my_list.remove("hello")   # Remove by value
my_list.pop()             # Remove last item

🔹 Python Arrays

Python also has an array module, but it only stores items of the same type (like all integers).

import array

a = array.array('i', [1, 2, 3])
print(a)

✅ 'i' stands for integer array.

🔸 When to Use Arrays?

Use arrays for performance and memory efficiency when dealing with large numeric datasets.

🔸 Common Array Types
Type Code C Type Python Type
'i' int int
'f' float float
'u' Py_UNICODE Unicode

🔹 Key Difference: List vs Array

Feature List Array (array module)
Data Type Mixed Same type only
Built-in Yes Need to import module
Use Case General-purpose Numeric processing
Performance Slower Faster for numbers

Practice Questions

Q1. Write a Python program to create a list of your favorite fruits and print it.

Q2. Write a Python program to replace the 2nd element in a list with a new value.

Q3. Write a Python program to append a new number to a list.

Q4. Write a Python program to use pop() to remove the last element from a list.

Q5. Write a Python program to check if a value exists in a list using the in keyword.

Q6. Write a Python program to create an integer array using array.array.

Q7. Write a Python program to use a loop to print all values in an array.

Q8. Write a Python program to insert a value at index 1 in a list.

Q9. Write a Python program to use remove() to delete a value from a list.

Q10. Write a Python program to count how many times an element appears in a list using count().

Python Lists and Arrays Quiz

Q1: What type of data can a Python list store?

A. Only numbers
B. Only strings
C. Any data type
D. Only one type

Q2: Which method adds an item at the end of a list?

A. insert()
B. add()
C. push()
D. append()

Q3: What does pop() do in a list?

A. Adds item
B. Removes last item
C. Sorts list
D. Deletes list

Q4: What is the index of the first element in a Python list?

A. 0
B. 1
C. -1
D. None

Q5: What is a major limitation of Python arrays?

A. Cannot be created
B. Only accept strings
C. Only hold one type of data
D. Must be sorted

Q6: Which module must be imported to use arrays in Python?

A. system
B. math
C. array
D. numpy

Q7: Which method can be used to insert into a list at a specific index?

A. push()
B. append()
C. insert()
D. extend()

Q8: What does list[-1] return?

A. First item
B. Middle item
C. Last item
D. Error

Q9: Can a list contain another list?

A. No
B. Only in arrays
C. Yes
D. Only with import

Q10: What will len([10, 20, 30]) return?

A. 2
B. 3
C. 1
D. 0
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